Indications
Copadox is used to
treat in following indications:
Bronchial asthma,
Bronchospasm,
Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD),
Pulmonary disease with
spastic bronchial component.
* রেজিস্টার্ড
চিকিৎসকের
পরামর্শ
মোতাবেক
ঔষধ
সেবন
করুন'
Pharmacology
Doxophylline is a
novel bronchodilator. It structurally differs from Theophylline due to the
presence of a dioxolane group in position 7. Doxophylline selectively inhibits
phosphodiesterase 4 thereby relaxes bronchial smooth muscle. However,
differently from Theophylline, Doxophylline appears to have decreased
affinities toward adenosine A1 and A2 receptors, which may account for the
better safety profile of the drug. Doxophylline is reported to inhibit platelet
activating factor (PAF) and generation of leukotriene production.
Dosage &
Administration
Elderly: 200 mg tablet
two or three times daily.
Adults: 400 mg tablet
two or three times daily or as prescribed by the physician.
Children:
>12 years of age:
10 ml syrup or 200 mg tablet two or three times daily.
6-12 years of age: 6-9
mg/kg body weight two times daily, i.e. if body weight is 10 kg, 3 ml (60 mg)
two times daily or as prescribed by the physician.
If required daily dose
of Doxophylline is 400 mg then Doxophylline SR tablet to be taken once daily or
as prescribed by the physician
* রেজিস্টার্ড
চিকিৎসকের
পরামর্শ
মোতাবেক
ঔষধ
সেবন
করুন'
Interaction
Copadox should not be
administered with other xanthine preparations. It is recommended to limit
consumption of beverages and food containing caffeine. Caution should be
exercised in administering Copadox together with ephedrine or other
sympathomimetic drugs. The concurrent administration of many drugs such as
erythromycin, TAO, lincomycin, clindamycin, allopurinol, cimetidine, influenza
vaccine and propanolol may reduce the hepatic clearance of xanthine derivatives
with an increase in the plasmatic levels of the drug. Phenytoin, other
anticonvulsants and cigarette smoking may increase the clearance of xanthine
derivatives with a reduction of plasmatic half-life. In these cases, it may be
necessary to increase the dosage of the drug.
Contraindications
Doxophylline is
contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug or other
xanthine derivatives. It is also contraindicated in patients with acute
myocardial infarction, hypotension and during lactation.
Side Effects
Patients treated with
xanthine derivatives may suffer nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache,
irritability, insomnia, tachycardia, extrasystoles, tachypnea and in rare cases
hyperglycemia or albuminuria. In case of overdose severe cardiac arrhythmias
and tonic-clonic seizure may occur. These effects may represent the first signs
of intoxication. The appearance of side effects may require discontinuation of
the treatment which, if necessary, at the physician's discretion, may be
resumed at lower doses after all signs and symptoms of toxicity have subsided.
Pregnancy &
Lactation
Pregnancy and
Lactation: Animal tests have shown that the active ingredient of Doxophylline
does not interfere with pre and postnatal growth. However, as there is not
sufficient clinical evidence about the effects of the drug during pregnancy,
use of the drug during pregnancy should be evaluated carefully case by case on
the basis of the risk-benefit ratio. The drug is contraindicated during
lactation.
Effects on ability to
drive and use machines: The product does not affect the patient's alertness and
therefore does not interfere with his/her ability to drive and use machines.
Precautions &
Warnings
Numerous factors may
reduce the hepatic clearance of xanthine derivatives with increased plasma
levels of the drug. These factors include age, congestive cardiac
decompensation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe liver disease,
concomitant infections, and the concurrent administration of several drugs such
as: erythromycin, TAO, lincomycin, clindamycin, allopurinol, cimetidine,
influenza vaccine and propanolol. In these cases, it may be necessary to reduce
the dosage of the drug. In case of factors that may influence the clearance of
xanthine derivatives, monitoring of the concentration of the blood levels of
the drug is recommended for the control of the therapeutic range.
Caution should be
taken in administering the product to patients with cardiac disease,
hypertension, in the elderly, in patients with severe hypoxemia,
hyperthyroidism, chronic corpulmonale, congestive heart failure, liver disease,
peptic ulcer and in those with renal impairment. In particular, it is to be
used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure, since the clearance
of the drug is considerably slower in these patients in which high blood levels
may persist for long periods even after discontinuation of the treatment. There
is no risk of addiction or any other form of dependence.
Overdose Effects
In case of overdose
severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizure may occur. These effects
may represent the first signs of intoxication. The appearance of side effects
may require discontinuation of the treatment which, if necessary, at the
physician’s discretion, may be resumed at lower doses after all signs and
symptoms of toxicity have subsided. As there is no specific antidote, in case
of overdose a symptomatic treatment of cardiovascular collapse should be
instituted.
Therapeutic Class
Bronchodilator, Methyl
xanthine derivatives
Storage Conditions
Keep in a dry place
away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children. Copadox should be
used only on prescription of specialist physician.
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